Natural C. sinensis can only be found in the high mountains (the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau) in southwestern China and Tibet. It is composed of the insects body and the connected fungal stroma that grows from the insects head. Very rare and labor intensive to harvest so the market price is very high. Dong Chong Xia Cao is its Chinese name, also known as the Winter Worm and Summer Grass.
In winter C. sinensis parasites the larvae of moths within the family Hepialidae. The fungus germinates in the living larva, kills and mummifies it, and then a dark brown stalk-like fruiting body (which is a few centimeters long) emerges from the corpse and stands upright. This fruiting body part will grow out from the ground in the summer and would be the only visible part the harvester will see.
According to Web MD, Cordyceps extract is used to remedy coughs, chronic bronchitis, respiratory disorders, kidney disorders, nighttime urination, male sexual problems, anemia, irregular heartbeat, high cholesterol, liver disorders, dizziness, weakness, ringing in the ears, unwanted weight loss, and opium addiction. It is also used for strengthening the immune system, improving athletic performance, reducing the effects of aging, promoting longer life, and improving liver function in people with hepatitis B. Some people use cordyceps as a stimulant, a tonic, and an “adaptogen,” which is used to increase energy, enhance stamina, and reduce fatigue.
Cordyceps might improve immunity by stimulating cells and specific chemicals in the immune system. It may also have activity against cancer cells and may shrink tumor size, particularly with lung or skin cancers.
Well it is a little intimidating if you are new to the concept, but this fungus has many benefits that is worth looking into.